CENTRAL INSTITUTE OF PLASTICS ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY
Question Bank
2 MARK ---QUESTION
4/5 MARK ----QUESTION
COURSE :
DPMT
SEMESTER: II
SUBJECT : COMMUNICATION ENGLISH ||
3 MARK --- QUESTION
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1.What do mean by Homophones? Explain it with two proper examples.
Answer: Homophones have been derived from the greek word ‘Hah-muh-fone’,which means in hindi words with same sound. The we can say homophones are words which have same sounds but different meanings. They may be spelled the same or differently. When homophones have the same spelling, they are also called ‘homonyms’.
Examples:
Bear, bare
Fair, fare
2.What do mean by Homonyms? Explain it with two proper examples.
Answer: Homonyms are two words that are spelled the same and sound the same but have different meanings. The word "homonym" comes from the prefix "homo-," which means the same, and the suffix "-nym," which means name. Therefore, a homonym is a word that has the same name as another word, meaning that the two words look and sound exactly alike. A simple example of a homonym is the word "pen." This can mean both "a holding area for animals" and "a writing instrument." Another example is "book," which can mean "something to read" or "the act of making a reservation." In both cases, the sound and spelling are the same, and only the definition changes.
3.Use the given homonyms in your own sentence.
Answer:
i Address - to speak to / location
iiAir - oxygen / a lilting tune
iiiArm - body part / division of a company
ivBand - a musical group / a ring
vBark - a tree's out layer / the sound a dog makes
viBat - an implement used to hit a ball / a nocturnal flying mammal
viiBright - very smart or intelligent / filled with light
viiiCircular - taking the form of a circle / a store advertisement
xiCurrent - up to date / flow of water
xDie - to cease living / a cube marked with numbers one through six
4.Define Definite article with proper examples.
Answer: The definite article is the word "the." It is used before a noun to define it as something specific (e.g., something previously mentioned or known, something unique, or something being identified by the speaker).I'm the pirate.(This means a specific pirate, i.e., the one previously discussed.) Can we go to the park?(The park is specific. It is known to the speaker and the listener.)
5.Define Indefinite article with proper examples.
Answer: The indefinite article is the word "a" or "an." It is used before a noun to define it as something non-specific (e.g., something generic or something mentioned for the first time).The indefinite article takes two forms. It’s the word a when it precedes a word that begins with a consonant. It’s the word an when it precedes a word that begins with a vowel. The indefinite article indicates that a noun refers to a general idea rather than a particular thing. For example, you might ask your friend, “Should I bring a gift to the party?” Your friend will understand that you are not asking about a specific type of gift or a specific item. “I am going to bring an apple pie,” your friend tells you. Again, the indefinite article indicates that she is not talking about a specific apple pie. Your friend probably doesn’t even have any pie yet. The indefinite article only appears with singular nouns
6.Define Compound Words with proper examples.
Answer: When two words are used together to yield a new meaning, a compound is formed. Compound words can be written in three ways: as open compounds (spelled as two words, e.g., ice cream), closed compounds (joined to form a single word, e.g., doorknob), or hyphenated compounds (two words joined by a hyphen, e.g., long-term). Sometimes, more than two words can form a compound (e.g., mother-in-law).The most common spelling quandary writers face is whether to write compounds as separate words, one word, or hyphenated words.
7.Explain Affixation with proper examples.
Answer: Affixation is a process which involves adding bound morphemes to roots which results in a newly-created derivative. Whereas we can distinguish many types of this process, the English language generally makes use of two — prefixation and suffixation. The first is characterised by adding a morpheme that is placed before the base: mature — premature, do — undo, affirm — reaffirm, function — malfunction. In contrast, suffixation focuses on attaching a morpheme that rather follows the base than proceeds it: read — reader, friend — friendship, manage — management. What is also characteristic for this type of affixation is the fact that suffixes can be stacked on one another — this does not happen when it comes to prefixes: re-spect-ful-ness, friend-liness, un-help-ful-ness. It should be noted that affixes are divided into two main categories: while some of them are labelled as inflectional, a majority of them is known to be derivational.
8.Explain Compounding with proper examples.
Answer: Compounding words are formed when two or more lexemes combine into a single new word. Compound words may be written as one word or as two words joined with a hyphen. For example:
noun-noun compound: note + book → notebook
adjective-noun compound: blue + berry → blueberry
verb-noun compound: work + room → workroom
noun-verb compound: breast + feed → breastfeed
verb-verb compound: stir + fry → stir-fry
adjective-verb compound: high + light → highlight
verb-preposition compound: break + up → breakup
preposition-verb compound: out + run → outrun
adjective-adjective compound: bitter + sweet → bittersweet
preposition-preposition compound: in + to → into
9.Explain dialogue writing in brief.
Answer: A dialogue is a literary technique in which writers employ two or more characters to be engaged in conversation with one another. In literature, it is a conversational passage, or a spoken or written exchange of conversation in a group, or between two persons directed towards a particular subject.
10.Explain Question tag with proper examples.
Tag questions (or question tags) turn a statement into a question. They are often used for checking information that we think we know is true. We often use question tags when we expect the listener to agree with our statement. In this case, when the statement is positive, we use a negative question tag.
She's a doctor, isn't she?
Yesterday was so much fun, wasn't it?
If the statement is negative, we use a positive question tag.
He isn't here, is he?
The trains are never on time, are they?
Nobody has called for me, have they?
If we are sure or almost sure that the listener will confirm that our statement is correct, we say the question tag with a falling intonation. If we are a bit less sure, we say the question tag with a rising intonation.
11.Explain simple sentence with proper example.
Answer: A simple sentence is a sentence that consists of just one independent clause. A simple sentence has no dependent clauses. (An independent clause (unlike a dependent clause) can stand alone as a sentence.) In a simple sentence there is a finite verb which acts in a sentence according to the number and person of the subject.
⦁ I cannot drink warm milk.
⦁ A day without sunshine is like night.
⦁ Only the mediocre are always at their best. (Novelist Jean Giraudoux)
⦁ Reality continues to ruin my life. (Cartoonist Bill Watterson)
12.Explain complex sentence with proper example.
Answer: A complex sentence is a sentence that contains an independent clause and one or more dependent clauses. An independent clause can stand alone as a sentence, but a dependent clause even though it has a subject and a verb cannot stand alone.
Here are some examples of complex sentences. The independent clause is in bold.
My Dad laughed when I told a joke.
I need to do the shopping because there is nothing to eat in the house.
I’ll put the book down and sleep when I can no longer keep my eyes open.
13.Explain Active and Passive voice in detail.
Answer: Active voice means that a sentence has a subject that acts upon its verb. Passive voice means that a subject is a recipient of a verb’s action. You may have learned that the passive voice is weak and incorrect, but it isn’t that simple. When used correctly and in moderation, the passive voice is fine.In English grammar, verbs have five properties: voice, mood, tense, person, and number; here, we are concerned with voice. The two grammatical voices are active and passive.
14.Convert the following sentences into passive voice.
1 Harry ate six shrimp at dinner.
2 Beautiful giraffes roam the savannah.
3 Sue changed the flat tire.
4 We are going to watch a movie tonight.
5 I ran the obstacle course in record time.
Answer:
1 At dinner, six shrimp were eaten by Harry.
2 The savannah is roamed by beautiful giraffes.
3 The flat tire was changed by Sue.
4 A movie is going to be watched by us tonight.
5. The obstacle course was run by me in record time.
15. Convert the following sentences into passive voice.
1. I keep the butter in the fridge.
2. John is keeping my house tidy.
3. Mary kept her schedule meticulously.
4. The theater was keeping a seat for you.
5. I have kept all your old letters.
Answer: 1. The butter is kept in the fridge.
2. My house is being kept tidy.
3. Mary's schedule was kept meticulously.
4. A seat was being kept for you.
5. All your old letters have been kept.
16.Convert the following sentences into passive voice.
1. I would have kept your bicycle here if you had left it with me.
2. She wants to keep the book.
3. Judy was happy to have kept the puppy.
4 I have a feeling that you may be keeping a secret.
5.Having kept the bird in a cage for so long, Jade wasn't sure it could survive in the wild.
Answer:
1. Your bicycle would have been kept here if you had left it with me.
2. The book wants to be kept.
3. The puppy was happy to have been kept.
4. I have a feeling that a secret may be being kept.
5. The bird, having been kept in a cage for so long, might not survive in the wild.
17. Convert the following sentences into active voice.
1. Smoking should be banned by the government.
2. The job will be finished by me tomorrow.
3. Ice cream is being eaten by him.
4. The movie was being watched by them.
5. The movie had already been watched by them.
Answer: 1. Government should ban smoking
2. I will finish the job tomorrow.
3. Ice cream is being eaten by him.
4. They were watching the movie.
5. They had already watched the movie.
18.Explain Idioms and Phrases in detail.
Answer: Idioms are a collection of words or phrases which have a figurative meaning that is generally well established and known. So these words can’t be taken at their literal meanings since they would sound farcical. Idioms, at times, seem grammatically unusual as well. Idioms are a useful tool in linguistics. They add life and colour to the prose. It allows the authors to play with words and make it an interesting read, rather than straightforward boring paragraphs. Idioms are often used in stories, poems and even in the spoken words. The origins of these idioms are not always known, but they said to originate from stories and creative writing, and are modified over time.
19.Use given idioms in your own words.
1. Cry over spilled milk
2. Hit the road
3. A piece of cake
4. Bite off more than you can chew
5. Once in a blue moon
Answer:
1. Regret/complain about something that cannot be rectified
2. Begin one’s journey
3. An easy task/job
4. Try to take on a task too big for oneself
5. Once in a while, infrequently
20.Explain synonyms with proper examples.
Answer: A word or phrase that has the same or nearly the same meaning as another word or phrase.(American Dictionary)
Synonyms are words that are similar, or have a related meaning, to another word. They can be lifesavers when you want to avoid repeating the same word over and over. Also, sometimes the word you have in mind might not be the most appropriate word, which is why finding the right synonym can come in handy.
Wrong' is a synonym for 'incorrect.
English is a language which is rich in synonyms.
The words "small" and "little" are synonyms.
21.Write down synonyms of the given words.
1. Baffle
2. Beautiful
3. Fair
4. Funny
5. Bossy
Answer:
1. confuse, deceive
2. attractive, pretty, lovely, stunning
3. just, objective, impartial, unbiased
4. humorous, comical, hilarious, hysterical
5. controlling, tyrannical
22.Explain Technical letters in brief.
Answer: Technical letters are used for communicating scientific or engineering results that are limited in scope. The letters may describe a single experiment or investigation of which the results need to be rapidly communicated. Technical letters are a common form of communication for engineers or scientists in industry. The ability to communicate clearly is the most important skill engineers and scientists can have. Their best work will be lost if it is not communicated effectively.
23.Explain the objective of Technical writing in details.
Answer: Letters are usually brief messages (one to two pages) sent to recipients that are often outside the organization. They are often printed on letterhead paper and represent the business or organization. While e-mail and text messages may be used more frequently today, the effective business letter remains a common form of written communication. It can serve to introduce you to a potential employer, announce a product or service, or even serve to communicate feelings and emotions.
24.Explain Organizational protocol in details.
Answer: The gathering and analysis of data to produce information which consequently does not reach decision makers is an unfortunate waste of scarce resources - with potentially life-threatening consequences. Emergency managers should never assume that information finds its way to those who need it. Procedures for the dissemination of information to the decision makers and media who are positioned to set the wheels of the disaster response in motion should be planned in advance. Planning should take into account the geographical, political, and organizational location of those eventual users
25.Explain Organizational Communication in detail.
Answer: We define organizational communication’ as the sending and receiving of messages among interrelated individuals within a particular environment or setting to achieve individual and common goals. Organizational communication is highly contextual and culturally dependent. Individuals in organizations transmit messages through face-to face, written, and mediated channels. IOrganizational communication helps us to
1) accomplish tasks relating to specific roles and responsibilities of sales, services, and production;
2) acclimate to changes through individual and organizational creativity and adaptation;
3) complete tasks through the maintenance of policy, procedures, or regulations that support daily and continuous operations;
4) develop relationships where “human messages are directed at people within the organization-their attitudes, morale, satisfaction, and fulfillment” (Goldhaber 20); and
5) coordinate, plan, and control the operations of the organization through management (Katz & Kahn; Redding; Thayer). Organizational communication is how organizations represent, present, and constitute their organizational climate and culture—the attitudes, values and goals that characterize the organization and its members.
26.Which are the grounds in English language where people commit mistake while writing a sentence?
Answer: ccording to a research, India has the second highest number of English speaking population in the world. It is a second language for a vast majority of people. In a country where many regional languages are used, a lot of errors creep into the grammar and vocabulary of an average English speaker in India. Writing and speaking in English as a non-native speaker has its own set of problems. Grammatical errors come in many forms and can easily confuse and obscure meaning. Some common errors are with prepositions most importantly, subject verb agreement, tenses, punctuation, spelling and other parts of speech.
27.Correct the following sentences.
1. Myself I am Suresh babu.
2. I am having four brothers and three sisters.
3. He do not have a laptop
4. Does she has a car?
5."Today office is there?" (Answer) "No office is not there. Today is Bharat bandh."
Answer:
1. I am Suresh babu.
2. I have four brothers and three sisters.
3. He does not have a laptop.
4. Does she have a car?
5. "Is today a working day?" OR "Are we working today?" (Answer) "Yes we are working today or no we are not working today."
28. Correct the following sentences.
1. I came to office by walk.
2. What is the time in your watch?
3. Our classroom is in the 2nd floor.
4. The price of this mobile phone is higher than yours.
5. His son-in-laws have come home.
Answer:
1. I came to office on foot.
2. What is the time by your watch?
3. Our classroom is on the 2nd floor.
4. The price of this mobile phone is higher than that of yours.
5. His sons-in-law have come home.
29. Correct the following sentences.
1. Cope up
2. Many a times
3. revert back
4. you need not to
5. anyways
Answer:
1. Cope with
2. Many a time/many times
3. revert
4. you need not
5. anyway
30.What is a report? Explain in detail.
Answer: A report is a written account of something that one has observed, heard, done, or investigated. It is a systematic and well organised presentation of facts and findings of an event that has already taken place somewhere. Reports are used as a form of written assessment to find out what you have learned from your reading, research or experience and to give you experience of an important skill that is widely used in the work place.
31.What are the traits of a well structured report?
Answer: Following are the traits of a well structured report.
1. adherence to the specifications of report brief;
2. analysis of relevant information;
3. structuring material in a logical and coherent order;
4. presentation in a consistent manner according to the instructions of the report brief;
5. making appropriate conclusions that are supported by the evidence and analysis of the report;
32.Write down the format of a magazine report.
Answer: Format of a magazine report are as…
Heading- A descriptive title which is expressive of the contents of the report.
By line- Name of the person writing the report. It is generally given in the question. Remember, you are not supposed to mention your personal details in your answer.
Opening paragraph (introduction) – It may include the '5 Ws' namely, WHAT, WHY, WHEN and WHERE along with WHO was invited as the chief guest.
Account of the event in detail- The proper sequence of events that occurred along with their description. It is the main paragraph and can be split into two short paragraphs if required.
Conclusion- This will include the description of how the event ended. It may include quote excerpts from the Chief Guest's speech or how did the event wind up.
33.Write down the format of a newspaper report.
Answer:
Format of a newspaper report is as…
Headline- A descriptive title which is expressive of the contents of the report.
By line- Name of the person writing the report along with the designation. It is generally given in the question. Remember, you are not supposed to mention your personal details in your answer.
Place and date of reporting- It is generally not mentioned in a magazine report separately, but here, it is.
Opening paragraph- It includes expansion of the headline. It needs to be short as it is a general overview of the report.
Account of the event in detail- It is generally written in two parts: First, complete account of what happened in it’s chronological sequence (preferably) and second, the witness remarks.
Concluding paragraph- This will include the action that has been taken so far or that will be taken. It is the last paragraph.
34.Explain formal letter in detail.
Answer: These letters follow a certain pattern and formality. They are strictly kept professional in nature, and directly address the issues concerned. Any type of business letter or letter to authorities falls within this given category.
35.Explain Informal letter in detail.
Answer:These are personal letters. They need not follow any set pattern or adhere to any formalities. They contain personal information or are a written conversation. Informal letters are generally written to friends, acquaintances, relatives etc.
36.Explain business letter in detail.
Answer: This letter is written among business correspondents, generally contains commercial information such as quotations, orders, complaints, claims, letters for collections etc. Such letters are always strictly formal and follow a structure and pattern of formalities.
37.Explain official letter in detail.
Answer: This type of letter is written to inform offices, branches, subordinates of official information. It usually relays official information like rules, regulations, procedures, events, or any other such information. Official letters are also formal in nature and follow certain structure and decorum.
38.Explain social letter in detail.
Answer: A personal letter written on the occasion of a special event is known as a social letter. Congratulatory letter, condolence letter, invitation letter etc are all social letters.
39.Explain Circular letter in detail.
Answer: A letter that announces information to a large number of people is a circular letter. The same letter is circulated to a large group of people to correspond some important information like a change of address, change in management, the retirement of a partner etc.
40.Explain the nature of dialogue writing.
Answer: A dialogue is a verbal conversation between two or more people. When in writing, a dialogue is a way of showing a story instead of explaining one through writing. Through a dialogue, the writer allows the reader to know the characters first hand and interpret the characteristics and story themselves.Dialogue writing exposes the traits of the character, emotions, internal motives at the same time it establishes the relationship between the people. Dialogue-writing also shows the actions taking place without boring the reader with a lot of explanations.
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