environmental sciences Question Sollution

COURSE : DPMT / DPT

SEMESTER : I

SUBJECT : Environmental Sciences

Section-A (1 mark—questions )

1. Ecology deals with the study of

a) Livingbeings 

b) Living and nonlivingcomponents 

c) Reciprocal relationship between living and non livingcomponents 

d) Environment

Ans : c) Reciprocal relationship between living and non living components

2. Thepyramidofenergyinanyecosystemis. 

a) Alwaysupright 

b) May be upright orinvented 

c) Alwaysinverted 

d) None of theabove 

Ans :a) Always upright

3. Energy flow in ecosystemis 

a) Unidirectional 

b) Bidirectional 

c) Multidirectional 

d) None of theabove 

Ans :a) Unidirectional

4.An ecosystem must have continuous external sourceof 

a) minerals 

b) energy 

c) food 

d) All of theabove

Ans :b) energy

5. Thesourceofenergyinanecosystemis 

a) ATP 

b) Sunlight 

c) D.N.A 

d) R.N.A

Ans :b)Sunlight

6.Trophic levels are formedby 

a) Onlyplants 

b) onlyanimals 

c) Onlycarnivorous 

d) Organisms linked in foodchain

Ans:d) Organisms linked in foodchain

7.Biotic potential is counteractedby 

a) Competition with otherorganisms 

b) Producer is thelargest 

c) Limitation of foodsupply 

d) None of theabove

Ans:d) None of the above

8.Definition of ecosystemis 

a) The community of organisms together with the environment in which theylive 

b) The abiotic component of ahabitat 

c) The part of the earth and its atmosphere which inhibits living organisms 

d) A community of organisms interacting with oneanother

Ans:a)The community of organisms together with the environment in which theylive

9.Inafoodchainofgrasslandecosystemthetopconsumersare 

a) Herbivorous 

b)Carnivorous 

c) Bacteria 

d) Either carnivorous orherbivorous

Ans :b) Carnivorous

10.MAB standsfor 

a) Man andbiosphere 

b) Man, antibiotics andbacteria 

c) Man and bioticcommunity 

d) Mayer, Anderson andBisby

Ans: b)Man and biosphere

11.Theconceptofecologicalpyramidwasfirstproposedby 

a) E.P.Odum 

b) A.G.Tansley 

c) Juday 

d) CharlesElton

Ans : d) Charles Elton

12.The pyramid of numbers in a singletree is 

a) upright 

b) inverted 

c) spindleshaped 

d) none ofthese

Ans :c) spindle shaped

13.The pyramid of biomass is inverted n 

a) forestecosystem 

b) grasslandecosystem 

c) fresh waterecosystem 

d) tundra

Ans c) fresh waterecosystem

14.Which of the following statement is incorrect regarding ecologicalpyramids 

a) Thepyramid of energy is inverted in ocean ecosystem 

b) Thepyramidofbiomassisinvertedinaquaticecosystem 

c) Thepyramidofnumbersis upright ngrasslandecosystem 

d) Thepyramidofbiomassisuprightingrasslandecosystem

Ans :a) The pyramid of energy is inverted in ocean ecosystem

15.Climateincludes 

a) Seasonalvariation 

b) General patterns of atmosphereconditions 

c) Average weather of anarea 

d) All ofthese

Ans :d) All of these

16.Ultraviolet radiation which is not lethal but harm to the organismis 

a) 0.1 to 0.28 µm 

b) 0.28-0.32 µm 

c) 0.32-0.4 µm 

d) 0.4-0.5 µm

Ans:b) 0.28-0.32 µm

17.MAB program standsfor 

a) Man andbiotechnology 

b) Material andbiology 

c) Man andBiology 

d) Man andBiosphere

Ans:d) Man and Biosphere

 

18.Red data book contains dataof 

a) all plantspecies 

b) all animalspecies 

c) economically importantspecies 

d) threatenedspecies

Ans :d) threatened species

19.IUCN is also calledas 

a) Man and Biosphereprogram 

b) World ConservationUnion 

c) World ConservationConsortium 

d) World Wide ConservationUnion

Ans : b) World Conservation Union

20.Whichofthefollowingregionhasmaximumdiversity 

a) Mangrooves 

b) temperate rain forest 

c) taiga d) coral reefs

Ans :d) coral reefs

21.Biodiversity 

a) increases towards theequator 

b) decreases towards theequator 

c) remains same throughout theplanet 

d) has no effect on change inlatitude

Ans :a) increases towards thee quator

22.The most importantreason for decrease in biodiversity is 

a) Habitatpollution 

b) introduction of exoticspecies 

c) over-exploitation 

d) habitatdestruction

Ans: d) habitat destruction

23.WhatistheanimalsymbolofW.W.F(WorldWildlifeFund)? 

a) RedPanda 

b) GiantPanda 

c) Tiger 

d) Kangaroo

Ans:b) GiantPanda

24.The most important human activity, leading to the extinction of wildlife,is 

a) Pollution of wildlife,is 

b) Hunting for valuable wildlifeproducts 

c) Introduction of alienspecies 

d) Alternation and destruction of the naturalhabitats

Ans:d) Alternation and destruction of the natural habitats

25.RedDataBookProvidesdataon 

a) Red floweredplants 

b) Red coloredfishes 

c) Lists of plants andanimals 

d) Endangered plants andanimals

Ans:d) Endangered plants and animals

26.Wild life is continuously decreasing. What is the main reason of this? 

a) Predation 

b) Cutting down offorest 

c) Destruction ofhabitat 

d) Hunting 

Ans:c) Destruction of habitat

27.Whatisthemajorcauseofdiminishingwildlifenumber? 

a) Felling oftrees 

b) Cannibalism 

c) Habitatdestruction 

d) Paucity of drinkingwater

Ans:c) Habitat destruction

28.Which of the following is mainly responsible for the extinction of wildlife 

a) Pollution of air andwater 

b) Hunting offlesh 

c) Destruction ofHabitats 

d) All ofthese

Ans:d) All of these

29.Theunfavorable alteration of environment due to human activities is termedas 

a) Ecologicaldisturbance 

b) catastrophe 

c) ecologicaldegradation 

d) pollution

Ans:d) pollution

30.Heavy dust cancause 

a) leafblights 

b) opening ofstomata 

c) closure ofstomata 

d) browning ofleaves

Ans:c) closure of stomata

31.Whichofthefollowingisthemajorcauseofpollution 

a) plants 

b) man 

c) fungi 

d) hydrocarbongases 

Ans:d) hydrocarbon gases

32.BOD standsfor 

a) Biotic oxidationdemand 

b) Biological oxidationdemand 

c) Biological oxygen demand 

d) Biochemical oxygendemand

Ans:c) biological oxygen demand

33.AriverwithhighBODvalueis 

a)Highlypolluted 

b)Highlyclean 

c)Highlyproductive 

d)none ofthese

Ans:a) Highly polluted

34.The undesirable change in physical, chemical or biological characteristics of air, land and wateris referred as 

 a) pollutants 

 b) eco destructions 

 c) pollution 

 d) all ofthese

Ans:c)pollution

 

35.Acid raincontains 

a) Sulphuricacid 

b) nitricacid 

c) both a andb 

d) sulphuric acid, nitric acid and hydrochloricacid

Ans:c) both a and b

36.Pollutants that are introduced into the environment by human activity are calledas 

a) Qualitativepollutants 

b) Quantitativepollutants 

c) anthropogenicpollutants 

d) all ofthese

Ans:a) Qualitative pollutants

37.Air pollution is severein 

a) Cities 

b) Industrialized areas 

c) Densely populatedareas 

d) all ofthese

Ans:d) all of these

38.Which of the following is a secondarypollutant 

a) CO2 

b) CO 

c) O3 

d) SO2

Ans:c) O3

39.Air pollution can beof 

a) Naturalorigin 

b) artificial or manmadeorigin 

c) both a andb 

d) bonly

Ans:c) both a and b

40.A populationis a group of 

a) individuals in aspecies 

b) species in acommunity 

c) communities in anecosystem 

d) individuals in afamily

Ans:a) individuals in a species

41.Themajorpollutantfromauto mobile exhaustis 

a) NO 

b) CO 

c) SO2 

d) Soot

Ans :b) SO2

42.Thegreen house gases, otherwise called radioactively active gasesincludes 

a) Carbondioxide 

b) CH4 

c) N2O 

d) All of these

Ans:d) All of these

43.A high Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD) indicatesthat: 

a) water ispure 

b) absence of microbialaction 

c) Low level of microbialpollution 

d) High level of microbialpollution

Ans:-d)- High level of microbialpollution

44.Therangeofnormalhumanhearingisintherangeof 

a) 10 Hz to 80 Hz 

b) 50 Hz to 80Hz 

c) 50Hz to 15000Hz 

d) 15000 Hz and above

Ans:c)-50Hz to 15000Hz

45.The pollution which does not persistent harm to life supporting systemis 

a) Noisepollution 

b) Radiationpollution 

c) Oregano chlorinepollution 

d) All ofthese

Ans-a-Noisepollution

46.Soap anddetergentsarethesourceoforganicpollutantslike: 

a) glycerol 

b) polyphosphates 

c) sulphonatedhydrocarbons 

d) all ofthese

Ans:-d)- all ofthese

47.Themainatmosphericlayernearthesurfaceofearthis 

a) troposphere 

b) mesophere 

c) ionosphere 

d) stratosphere

Ans-a)troposphere

48.Example of primary pollutant 

a) SO2 

 b) NO2 

c) CO 

d) Hydrocarbons

Ans:d) Hydrocarbons

49.Chipcomovementisapublicagitationthatoccurredin 

a) Mansbal area inKashmir 

b) Silent valley inKerala 

c) Sundarban area inBengal 

d) TehriGarhwal area of UttarPradesh

Answer-d)-TehriGarhwal area of UttarPradesh

50.Ozonosphere seenin 

a) ionosphere 

b) thermosphere 

c) mesophere 

d) stratosphere

Ans-d)stratosphere

51.Harmful tracemetals in fly ash: 

a) antimony 

b) cadmium 

c) arsenic 

d) all of theabove

Ans-d- all of theabove

52.Which of the following group of gases cause photochemical smog? 

a) Ozone, PAN andCO 

b) HC, NO andPAN 

c) O2, PAN, andNO2 

d) O3,PANandNO2

Ans:-d)O3,PAN and NO2

53.Acid rains are produced by 

(a) Excess NO2and SO2 from burning fossil fuels 

(b) excess production of NH3 by industry and coal gas 

(c) Excess release of carbon monoxide by incomplete combustion 

(d) Excess formation of CO2 by combustion and animal respiration.

Ansa )excess NO2and SO2 from burning fossil fuels

54.Which one is not a pollutant normally? 

(a) hydrocarbon 

(b) carbon dioxide 

(c) carbon monoxide 

(d) sulphur dioxide

Ans:-b) carbon dioxide

 

Q.55.What is true of ecosystem? 

(a) primary consumers are least dependent upon producers 

(b) primary consumers out-number producers 

(c) producers are more than primary consumers 

(d) secondary consumers are the largest and most powerful

Ans-c) producers are more than primary consumers

.56Green house effect is warming due to 

(a) infra-red rays reaching earth 

(b) moisture layer in atmosphere 

(c) increase in temperature due to increase in carbon dioxide concentration of atmosphere 

(d) ozone layer of atmosphere 

Ans-c )increase in temperature due to increase in carbon dioxide concentration of atmosphere

Q.57Gas released during Bhopal tragedy was 

(a) methylisocyanate 

(b) potassiumisothiocyanate 

(c) sodiumisothiocyanate 

(d) ethylisothiocyante

Ans-a )methylisocyanate

Q.58.Deforestation will decrease 

(a) soil erosion 

(c) soil fertility 

(b) land slides 

(d) rainfall 

Ans-d )rainfall

59A non-renewable resource is 

(a) nonrenewable nonconventional energy source 

(b) nonrenewable conventional energy source 

(c) renewable nonconventional energy source 

(d) renewable conventional energy source 

Ans-b) nonrenewable conventional energy source

60..Renewable source of energy is 

(a) biomass 

(b) coal 

(c) petroleum 

(d) kerosene 

Ans-a)biomass

61.Pick up the correct food chain 

(a) grass—>chamelion—> insect—> bird 

(b) grass—> fox—> rabbit—» bird 

(c) phytoplankton—> zooplankton—> fish 

(d) fallen leaves—> bacteria—> insect larvae.

Ans-c)phytoplankton—> zooplankton—> fish

62.Most hazardous metal pollutant of automobile exhausts is 

(a) mercury 

(b) cadmium 

(c) lead 

(d) copper

Ans-c) lead

63.Fertility of soil is measured by its ability to 

(a) retain nutrients 

(b) hold organic materials 

(c)hold water 

(d) support life

Ans-d) support life

64. Number of atoms in ozone molecules are 

a)2 

b)3 

c)4 

d)1

Ans:b)3

 

65.Ultraviolet radiations from sunlight causes a reaction that produces 

(a) fluorides 

(b) carbon monoxide 

(c) sulphur dioxide 

(d) ozone 

(d)Ans: ozone

66.Ultraviolet radiations from sunlight causes a reaction that produces 

(a) fluorides 

(b) carbon monoxide 

(c) sulphur dioxide 

(d) ozone

Ans-d) ozone

67. Sounds above what level are considered hazardous noise pollution? 

a) above 80 Db 

(c) above 150 dB 

(b) above 30 dB 

d) above 120 dB

Ans-d) above 120 dB

68.In a biotic community, the primary consumers are 

(a) detritivores 

(b) herbivores 

(c) carnivores 

(d) omnivores.

ANS-b) herbivores

Q.69.The TajMahal is threatened due to the effect of 

(a) oxygen 

(b) hydrogen 

(c) chlorine 

(d) sulphur-dioxide

Ans-d)sulphur-dioxide

Q.70.Which of the following is the most stable ecosystem? 

(a) mountain 

(b) ocean 

(c) forest 

(d) desert

Ans-b)ocean

Q.71Which country has the greatest contribution for the whole formation in ozone layer? 

(a) Russia 

(b) Japan 

(c) USA 

(d) Germany

Ans-c) USA

Q.72Formation of ozone hole is maximum over 

a)Africa 

b)India 

c)USA 

d)Antarctica

Ans-d) Antarctica

Q.73Which of the following is a secondary pollutant? 

(a) PAN 

(b) aerosol 

(c) CO 

(d) CO2 

Ans-a)PAN

Q.74Biodiversity Act of India was passed by the Parliament in the year. 

(a) 1992 

(b) 1996 

(c) 2000 

(d) 2002 

Ans-d)2002

Q.75Photochemical smog pollution does not contain 

(a) PAN (peroxy acyl nitrate) 

(b) ozone 

(c) nitrogen dioxide 

(d) carbon dioxide

Ans:d) carbon dioxide

Q.76Instrument used to measure earthquake is known as 

A. quake meter 

B. quake graph 

C. seismograph 

D. typanicgraph

Answer C) seismograph

Q.77. Earthquakes occur when there is a sudden release of stored up energy in Earth's 

A. inner core 

B. outer core 

C. upper mantle 

D. lower crust

Answer C) upper mantle

Q.78Earthquakes occur most frequently at 

A. plate surface 

B. plate boundaries 

C. plate vacuum 

D. ocean beds

Answer B) plate boundaries

Q.79.Tsunami is: 

A. Earthquake on land mass 

B. Volcanic eruption 

C. Earthquake in ocean crust 

D. None of these

Ans c) Earthquake in ocean crust

 

80.Tsunami can occur only during? 

a) Morning 

b) Noon 

c) Evening 

d) Any time of day or nights

Answer: d)Any time of day or nights

81.What is the cause of tidal waves? 

a) wind 

b) gravitational force of the moon on the sea 

c) gravitational force of the sun on the sea 

d) gravitational force of the earth on the sea

Answer : gravitational force of the moon on the sea

82.What does the acronym ISDR stand for? ‘ 

a. International Significant Disaster Resources 

b. International Sustainable Development Report 

c. International Strategy for Disaster Reduction 

d. Intergovernmental Strategy for Developing Recreation Answer: International Strategy for Disaster Reduction

Answer: c)International Strategy for Disaster Reduction

83.What are the three phases of disaster management planning? 

a.Preparation, Response and Recovery 

b. Preparation, Planning and Perception 

c. Evacuating, Rebuilding and Re-branding 

d. Planning, Evacuating and Recovery 

Ans:a) Preparation, Response and Recovery

84.What would you do if you heard a warning? 

a) Surf on the big waves 

b) Get out of the water quickly and move to higher ground 

c) Wait until you have finished your swim 

d) phone your friend 

Answer: b) Get out of the water quickly and move to higher ground

85.Earthquakes occur when there is a sudden release of stored up energy in Earth's 

A. inner core 

B. outer core 

C. upper mantle 

D. lower crust..

Answer c) upper mantle

86.The provisions for environmental protection in the constitution were made in: 

(a) 1976 

(b) 1950 

(c) 1982 

(d) 1960

Ans. (a) 1976

Q.87.The Environmental (Protection) Act was enacted in the year: 

(a) 1986 

(b) 1992 

(c) 1984 

(d) 1974 

Ans:a)1986

88.When the National Environmental Policy Act was signed into law? 

a) January 1, 1970 

b) January 2, 1970 

c) January 1, 1971 

d) January 1, 1972

Ans: a) January 1, 1970

89.Which act is responsible to create and maintain conditions under which man and nature can exist in harmony?

 a) EIA 

b) RCRS 

c) CERCLA 

d) NEPA 

Ans: d) NEPA

90..National Institute of Disaster management is located at? 

a) Pune 

b) Midnapur 

c) New Delhi

d) Calcutta 

Ans c): New Delhi

 

91.A zone with constant temperature in atmosphere is called an ……….

Ans ;Isothermal layer

92. Undernourishment means………..of sufficient calories in food.

Ans; Lack

93. Herbivores are ……………… consumers.

Ans: Primary

94. The study of reciprocal relationship between organisms and their environment is called...........

Ans:Ecology

95.Temperature in………. layer can be as high as 12000°C

Ans :thermosphere

96.A zone with constant temperature in atmosphere is called an ……….

Ans:Isothermal layer

97.Urban areas produces little ………… consumes more……..and generate more…….. Per capita than rural areas

Ans:. Food, natural resources, waste

98. ………….. is the most abundantly available fossil fuel

Ans: Coal

99.BhakraNangal is an important …………….. station in India.

Ans:hydel power

100.Technology is an example of an external environment.(Say True or False)

Ans False

101.Coral reefs are the examples of fresh water ecosystem.(Say True or Fals)

Ans False

102.Birds and animals are the examples of abiotic environment.(Say True or False)

Ans:False

 

103.The clouds are found in troposphere.(Say True or False)

Ans:True

104.Biosphere is made of atmosphere, hydrosphere, and lithosphere.(Say True or False)

Ans True

105. In most ecosystems, the pyramid of numbers and biomass are up right(Say True or False)

Ans: False

106. About ‘greenhouse effect’ is that it is caused only by CO2, CFC, CH4 and NO2 gases(Say True or False)

Ans:True

 

107.The movement of water from the surface of plants into the atmosphere by a process called transpiration (Say True or False) 

Ans:True

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